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  Chapters
1. A word from the Persian translator
2. Preface: aim of the survey and discussion
3. The lineage of Mu'awiyah: Abu Sufyan and Hind
4. The Umayyads in pagan times
  5   Abu Sufyan in the battle of Badr
6. Abu Sufyan in the battle of Uhud
7. Hind in the battle of Uhud
8 Abu Sufyan as leader in the battle of al-Khandaq
9. Feeling of weakness and proposal of peace
11. Mecca is captured
  12.   Abu Sufyan and his position in the Islamic community
  13   Abu Sufyan in the time of the first two caliphs
  14   Abu Sufyan in the time of 'Uthman
  15   Mu'awiyah in the time of the Prophet
  16   Mu'awiyah in the time of the caliphs
  17   Mu'awiyah and 'Uthman
  18   Abu Dharr facing Mu'awiyah
  19   A fable in the history of Islam
  20   Quranic Memorizers and Interpreters of Kufah in ash-Sham
  21   Mu'awiyah after 'Uthman
  22   Siffin, the battlefield scene of right over wrong
  23   The trickery of Mu'awiyah
  24   Abu Musa and 'Amr ibn al-'As
  25   ash-Shami plunderes
  26   Jariyah ibn Qudamah, a man of the Alawite front
  27   Two opposing politics
  28   Mu'awiyah in the time of Imam al-Hasan al-Mujtaba
  29   Motives for peace
  30   Cautious treatment of enemies
  31   Crafty Arabs in the trap laid by Mu'awiyah
  32   Heavy taxes
  33   The Shi'ah in torture and molestation
  34   Governing becomes hereditary and imperial
  35   Allegiance to Yazid in Basra
  36   Allegiance to Yazid in ash-Sham
  37   Allegiance to Yazid in Medina
  38   Allegiance to Yazid demands victims
  39   Ceremonies of allegiance to Yazid
  40   What caused the friendship between 'A'ishah and the Umayyads
41 Gifts of Mu'awiyah
  42   the influence of 'A'ishah in the rule of the Umayyads
  43   'A'ishah and Mu'awiyah in reciprocal contention
  44   Death of Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr
  45   'Abd ar-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr is poisoned
  46   'A'ishah is penitent about the battle of al-Jamal
  47   'A'ishah generosity
  48   Her family bigotry
  49   'A'ishah as an eminent orator
  50   'A'ishah as a well -dressed woman
  51   'A'ishah's monopoly of verdicts
  52   Anecdotes in the life of 'A'ishah
  53   TA brief glance at the life of Mu'awiyah
  54   Traditional making
  55   Freed persons and the caliphate
  56   A cover for inferiority complexes
  57   The fate of the noble persons who did not co-operate with Mu'awiyah
  58   Imam 'Ali is cursed on Islamic pulpits
  59   A group of people refuses to curse
  60   The ultimate goal of Mu'awiyah
  61   A tradition from 'A'ishah
  62   Conclusion and purpose
  63   Addendum
       

 

 

THE ROLE OF AISHAH IN THE HISTORY OF ISLAM
In the name of God, the almighty

at-Tabari and Jbn al-Athir narrates this story at a greater length but with a slight difference. They say: Ziyad's envoy said to Ziyad: "My opinion is that you do not charge Mu'awiyah's view with error in such a way, and do not rouse his anger against his son. I will go to Yazid and inform him that the caliph has consulted Ziyad about the question of allegiance to him, and Ziyad fears people's opposition, since they have observed unseemly deeds from Yazid. Ziyad's opinion is that Yazid should abandon his improper conduct in order to make allegiance and caliphate possible for himself."
Ziyad agreed to his envoy's suggestion. The envoy Left Basra and reached ash-Sham, and on meeting Yazid, informed him of Ziyad's view. Yazid, on his part, accepted that suggestion and thenceforth temporarily gave up some of his unworthy deeds. Then the envoy delivered Ziyad's letter to Mu'awiyah.
In this letter Ziyad had dissuaded Mu'awiyah from haste in this matter, and Mu'awiyah, on reading the letter, approved of his suggestion. But when Ziyad died, Mu'awiyah became more determined to follow up the question of allegiance to Yazid, and at first sent one hundred thousand drachmas to 'Abd Allah ibn 'Umar who was a so-called devout ascetic. 'Umar accepted the money, and then Mu'awiyah's messenger brought up the question of allegiance to Yazid.
'Abd Allah ibn 'Umar said: "So this is what Mu'awiyah wants! If I were to show allegiance in return for this money, it would be clear that I consider my religion as trifling and worthless." (224)(225)


Allegiance to Yazid in ash-Sham

Mu'awiyah ordered his Jewish physician to poison and kill 'Abd ar-Rahrnan ibn Khalid.
Ibn 'Abd al-Barr

Ibn Abd al-Barr, the great biographer, writes: When Mu'awiyah became determined to win allegiance for Yazid, he delivered a sermon to the people of ash-Sham saying: "I have lived too long and my death is near. I wish to secure allegiance for a man, but
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