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  Chapters
1. A word from the Persian translator
2. Preface: aim of the survey and discussion
3. The lineage of Mu'awiyah: Abu Sufyan and Hind
4. The Umayyads in pagan times
  5   Abu Sufyan in the battle of Badr
6. Abu Sufyan in the battle of Uhud
7. Hind in the battle of Uhud
8 Abu Sufyan as leader in the battle of al-Khandaq
9. Feeling of weakness and proposal of peace
11. Mecca is captured
  12.   Abu Sufyan and his position in the Islamic community
  13   Abu Sufyan in the time of the first two caliphs
  14   Abu Sufyan in the time of 'Uthman
  15   Mu'awiyah in the time of the Prophet
  16   Mu'awiyah in the time of the caliphs
  17   Mu'awiyah and 'Uthman
  18   Abu Dharr facing Mu'awiyah
  19   A fable in the history of Islam
  20   Quranic Memorizers and Interpreters of Kufah in ash-Sham
  21   Mu'awiyah after 'Uthman
  22   Siffin, the battlefield scene of right over wrong
  23   The trickery of Mu'awiyah
  24   Abu Musa and 'Amr ibn al-'As
  25   ash-Shami plunderes
  26   Jariyah ibn Qudamah, a man of the Alawite front
  27   Two opposing politics
  28   Mu'awiyah in the time of Imam al-Hasan al-Mujtaba
  29   Motives for peace
  30   Cautious treatment of enemies
  31   Crafty Arabs in the trap laid by Mu'awiyah
  32   Heavy taxes
  33   The Shi'ah in torture and molestation
  34   Governing becomes hereditary and imperial
  35   Allegiance to Yazid in Basra
  36   Allegiance to Yazid in ash-Sham
  37   Allegiance to Yazid in Medina
  38   Allegiance to Yazid demands victims
  39   Ceremonies of allegiance to Yazid
  40   What caused the friendship between 'A'ishah and the Umayyads
41 Gifts of Mu'awiyah
  42   the influence of 'A'ishah in the rule of the Umayyads
  43   'A'ishah and Mu'awiyah in reciprocal contention
  44   Death of Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr
  45   'Abd ar-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr is poisoned
  46   'A'ishah is penitent about the battle of al-Jamal
  47   'A'ishah generosity
  48   Her family bigotry
  49   'A'ishah as an eminent orator
  50   'A'ishah as a well -dressed woman
  51   'A'ishah's monopoly of verdicts
  52   Anecdotes in the life of 'A'ishah
  53   TA brief glance at the life of Mu'awiyah
  54   Traditional making
  55   Freed persons and the caliphate
  56   A cover for inferiority complexes
  57   The fate of the noble persons who did not co-operate with Mu'awiyah
  58   Imam 'Ali is cursed on Islamic pulpits
  59   A group of people refuses to curse
  60   The ultimate goal of Mu'awiyah
  61   A tradition from 'A'ishah
  62   Conclusion and purpose
  63   Addendum
       

 

 

THE ROLE OF AISHAH IN THE HISTORY OF ISLAM
In the name of God, the almighty

Tradition making or
a cover for Inferiority complexes

One day I asked az-Zuhra about those two ('Urwah and 'A'ishah). He answered: "What is your business with those two and their tradition? God knows them better. They are accused by me of falsehood about the Banu Hashim."
The first of these two traditions was the one quoted above, and in the second one quoted by 'Urwah 'A'ishah says: "I was with the holy Prophet when 'Ali and 'Abbas arrived. The Prophet said: 'O 'A'ishah! if you wish to look upon two men of fire, look at these two who are coming towards us.' I looked up and saw 'All and al-'Abbas."(350)
Among the traditions fabricated by 'Amr ibn al-'As is a tradition, which is quoted from him by al-Bukhari in his book of Muslim. He says: "I heard the Prophet say aloud: Abi Talib's descendants are not among my friends. My friends are God, and benevolent and honest believers."(351)
In another tradition al-Bukhari makes an addition to the above tradition and says: The Prophet continued to say: "But they have a kinship with me and I observe bonds of kinship with them."
Among the traditions invented by Abu Hurayrah by the order of Mu'awiyah, there is one quoted from him by al-A'm ash, as follows: When after the truce of Imam al-Hasan with Mu'awiyah Abu Hurayrah accompanied Mu'awiyah on his journey to Iraq and entered the mosque of Kufah, seeing the large number of welcomers, he sat down on his knees and after slapping his own face and head several times, he said: "O people of Iraq, do you suppose that I attribute a falsehood to God and His prophet and burn myself in the fire of hell? I swear to God that I heard the Prophet say: 'For every prophet there is a sanctity, and my sanctity is between the mountains of 'Ayr and Thawr,(352) and he who causes unpleasant events to occur in this sanctity, may the curse of God, angels and all people descend upon him!'" Then he added: "I take God to witness that 'Ali has caused mischief in this sacred land."
The news of his speech and quoting this tradition reached Mu'awiyah who in return for this great service showed Abu Hurayrah much favour and appointed him governor of Medina.
As for the story of Samara ibn Jundab, Abu Ja'far al-Iskafi teacher of Ibn Abi al-Hadid says: Mu'awiyah gave Samara one

 

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