Chapters
A word from the Persian translator
Preface: aim of the survey and discussion
The lineage of Mu'awiyah: Abu Sufyan and Hind
The Umayyads in pagan times
    Abu Sufyan in the battle of Badr
Abu Sufyan in the battle of Uhud
Hind in the battle of Uhud
Abu Sufyan as leader in the battle of al-Khandaq
Feeling of weakness and proposal of peace
Mecca is captured
    Abu Sufyan and his position in the Islamic community
    Abu Sufyan in the time of the first two caliphs
    Abu Sufyan in the time of 'Uthman
    Mu'awiyah in the time of the Prophet
    Mu'awiyah in the time of the caliphs
    Mu'awiyah and 'Uthman
    Abu Dharr facing Mu'awiyah
    A fable in the history of Islam
    Quranic Memorizers and Interpreters of Kufah in ash-Sham
    Mu'awiyah after 'Uthman
    Siffin, the battlefield scene of right over wrong
    The trickery of Mu'awiyah
    Abu Musa and 'Amr ibn al-'As
    ash-Shami plunderes
    Jariyah ibn Qudamah, a man of the Alawite front
    Two opposing politics
    Mu'awiyah in the time of Imam al-Hasan al-Mujtaba
    Motives for peace
    Cautious treatment of enemies
    Crafty Arabs in the trap laid by Mu'awiyah
    Heavy taxes
    The Shi'ah in torture and molestation
    Governing becomes hereditary and imperial
    Allegiance to Yazid in Basra
    Allegiance to Yazid in ash-Sham
    Allegiance to Yazid in Medina
    Allegiance to Yazid demands victims
    Ceremonies of allegiance to Yazid
    What caused the friendship between 'A'ishah and the Umayyads
41 Gifts of Mu'awiyah
    the influence of 'A'ishah in the rule of the Umayyads
    'A'ishah and Mu'awiyah in reciprocal contention
    Death of Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr
    'Abd ar-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr is poisoned
    'A'ishah is penitent about the battle of al-Jamal
    'A'ishah generosity
    Her family bigotry
    'A'ishah as an eminent orator
    'A'ishah as a well -dressed woman
    'A'ishah's monopoly of verdicts
    Anecdotes in the life of 'A'ishah
    TA brief glance at the life of Mu'awiyah
    Traditional making
    Freed persons and the caliphate
    A cover for inferiority complexes
    The fate of the noble persons who did not co-operate with Mu'awiyah
    Imam 'Ali is cursed on Islamic pulpits
    A group of people refuses to curse
    The ultimate goal of Mu'awiyah
    A tradition from 'A'ishah
    Conclusion and purpose
    Addendum
     

 

 

THE ROLE OF AISHA IN THE HISTORY OF ISLAM
In the name of God, the almighty
Abu Sufyan in the battle of Badr

"Infidels freely offer their property to prevent people from joining the way of God."
The Holy Qur'an


When the Muslims migrated to Medina, they were laxed from the molestation's of the Quraysh, but they were faced with the deadly hardship of poverty and indigence, for, the emigrants had left behind all their property, houses and relatives and had taken refuge in the city of Islam that is Medina. Of course, the people of Medina, named Ansar (helpers), so far as they were able, assisted these emigrants, but the people of those days were not so well off as to provide themselves with a comfortable life, especially as a group of them had no dwellings or financial means to support themselves. Nevertheless, despite these shortcomings and deficiencies the number of the followers of Islam increased every day, and gradually they were able to present themselves as a new force in the Arabian Peninsula, and show their strength.
In the second year of the Hijrah an event took place which produced the first great battle of Islamic era. For many long years the Quraysh had been engaged in trade travels and transport of goods to foreign lands, and every year they regularly visited Yemen and once a year they took their merchandise to ash-Sham. In the second year of the Hijrah, as usual a big caravan headed by Abu Sufyan, father of Mu'awiyah, had left for ash-Sham. On their return, the Prophet and a group of three hundred confronted the caravan demanding the lost property of the Muslims in Mecca.
When Abu Sufyan heard the news, he asked Mecca for help, and then tried to choose another route to return. To help Abu Sufyan, the Quraysh summoned a force of one thousand soldiers to fight the Prophet's army who were small in number. Thus, started the battle of Badr, in an area called the same. Occult aid and the self-sacrifice of Islamic warriors brought them victory, while the other side lost seventy men and another seventy were taken captive.
Of the sons of Abd Shams of the Umayyads eight men were


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